DRIVE-BY COUNTRY
Europe's Gun Capital?
By Justin T. Carreño
It's not often you can view an entire country from a car window. Before heading to Rome and Vatican City, I made a point of visiting the 5th smallest country in the world, San Marino, as part of my quest to visit the six European microstates. And, yes, you can see it (mostly) through a car window. The country is a landlocked Republic, situated in northern Italy, about 10 miles from the nearest significant population center, Rimini, on the Adriatic coast. It's less than half the size of Washington, DC, 24 square miles, with a population of about 33,000 people.
Although there's a small commercial airport in Rimini, the best airport connected to the real world to get to San Marino is Bologna, where I originated from -- an hour's train ride north from Rimini.
San Marino is a vestige city-state, which became a political refuge for supporters of the Italian unification in the late 19th century, including the leader of Italian independence, Giuseppe Garibaldi. The country survived the onslaught of occupiers, including Napoleon, throughout the ages, largely through diplomatic engagements, and the fact it wasn't desirable land. The leaders, in keeping with the country's diplomatic prowess, extended solidarity during the American Civil War, by reaching out to President Abraham Lincoln, where they wrote a letter saying from one Republic to another, to stay strong, and granted Lincoln honorary citizenship. Lincoln replied, "It has by its [San Marino] experience demonstrated the truth, so full of encouragement to the friends of Humanity, that government founded on Republican principles is capable of being so administered as to be secure and enduring."
My impression during my day trip there was that it is an enigma and even maybe an anomaly. The main historic "old city" is perched on Monte Titano, with three ancient watchtowers that define the San Marino skyline, rising above the republic’s central Apennine peak. From the towers, you can view several of the villages situated in the nine municipalities along the nation's hilly flanks, known as "castelli" or castles.